Native Habitat:
Moist forests, streambanks, and shaded slopes.
Bloom Time:
April – June
 
Growth Habit & Mature Size:
Perennial herb, 8–20 inches tall, with basal rosettes of lobed leaves and erect flowering stems. Produces clusters of small, delicate white to pale green flowers along the stems.
 
Light & Soil Requirements:
Partial to full shade; thrives in moist, humus-rich, well-drained soils. Prefers consistently damp, forested conditions.
 
Willamette Valley Native Companion Plants:
Polystichum munitum, Tolmiea menziesii, Athyrium filix-femina, Adiantum pedatum, Camassia leichtlinii.
 
Urban Garden Function:
Adds delicate texture, layered foliage, and subtle floral interest to shaded urban gardens, woodland-inspired landscapes, and naturalized plantings. Works well as an understory plant beneath trees and shrubs, providing seasonal blooms and habitat support.
 
Wildlife Supported:
Flowers attract small native bees and flies. Dense basal foliage provides shelter for insects and ground-dwelling invertebrates.
 
Historical Use:
Used by Indigenous peoples for minor medicinal purposes and valued ornamentally in shaded, woodland-inspired gardens.