Native Habitat:
Moist forests, streambanks, and shaded slopes throughout western North America, including the Willamette Valley. Prefers rich, well-drained soils with consistent moisture.
 
Bloom Time:
March – June
 
Growth Habit & Mature Size:
Low-growing perennial, 4–12 inches tall, forming loose clumps of rounded, fleshy leaves. Produces small, delicate pink to white flowers on slender stems.
 
Light & Soil Requirements:
Partial to full shade; thrives in moist, rich, well-drained soils. Tolerates organic, loamy substrates.
 
Willamette Valley Native Companion Plants:
Tolmiea menziesii, Camassia quamash, Achlys triphylla, Polystichum munitum, Adiantum pedatum.
 
Urban Garden Function:
Ideal for shaded urban gardens, woodland-inspired plantings, and rain gardens. Provides early-season groundcover with seasonal floral interest, softening pathways and complementing ferns and taller understory plants. Works well in layered shade plantings and naturalized urban habitats.
 
Wildlife Supported:
Flowers attract small native bees, flies, and early-season pollinators. Foliage mats offer shelter for soil invertebrates and microfauna.
 
Historical Use:
Leaves and stems were occasionally used by Indigenous peoples as a fresh edible green; valued for early spring nutrition.