Native Habitat:
Open forests, grasslands, and rocky slopes in western North America, including the Willamette Valley. Prefers well-drained soils and sunny to partially shaded sites.
 
Bloom Time:
April – June
 
Growth Habit & Mature Size:
Perennial rhizomatous herb, 1–2 feet tall, with narrow, grass-like leaves and erect flowering stems. Produces showy blue to violet flowers with yellow accents.
 
Light & Soil Requirements:
Full sun to partial shade; thrives in well-drained sandy, loamy, or rocky soils. Drought-tolerant once established.
 
Willamette Valley Native Companion Plants:
Camassia quamash, Achillea millefolium, Eriophyllum lanatum, Sidalcea campestris, Festuca roemeri.
 
Urban Garden Function:
Provides early- to mid-summer color, vertical accents, and architectural interest in urban meadows, rock gardens, and naturalized landscapes. Works well in layered native plantings, low-maintenance borders, and pollinator-focused gardens.
 
Wildlife Supported:
Flowers attract native bees, bumblebees (Bombus spp.), and butterflies. Dense foliage provides shelter for small insects and ground-dwelling invertebrates.
 
Historical Use:
Used by Indigenous peoples for medicinal and ceremonial purposes; valued ornamentally for naturalized and pollinator-friendly garden plantings.