Native Habitat:
Open woodlands, meadows, and grassy slopes in western North America, including the Willamette Valley. Prefers well-drained soils and partially open sites.
 
Bloom Time:
April – June
 
Growth Habit & Mature Size:
Annual or short-lived perennial herb, 6–18 inches tall, with slender stems and opposite leaves. Produces clusters of showy two-lipped flowers in shades of blue, purple, and white.
 
Light & Soil Requirements:
Full sun to partial shade; prefers well-drained, sandy or loamy soils. Tolerates nutrient-poor soils.
 
Willamette Valley Native Companion Plants:
Camassia quamash, Achillea millefolium, Eriophyllum lanatum, Sidalcea campestris, Festuca roemeri.
 
Urban Garden Function:
Adds vibrant color and vertical accent to urban meadows, pollinator gardens, and naturalized landscapes. Works well in layered native plantings, along pathways, and in low-maintenance wildflower gardens. Its bright flowers provide seasonal interest and support a dynamic, visually appealing habitat.
 
Wildlife Supported:
Flowers attract native bees, bumblebees (Bombus spp.), and small butterflies. Foliage provides shelter for ground-dwelling insects and supports early-season pollinators.
 
Historical Use:
Used by Indigenous peoples and early settlers primarily for ornamental purposes and minor medicinal applications.