Native Habitat:
Open meadows, grasslands, and forest edges in western North America, including the Willamette Valley. Prefers well-drained soils and partial to full sun.
 
Bloom Time:
May – July
 
Growth Habit & Mature Size:
Perennial bulb, 1–2 feet tall, with slender, grass-like leaves and erect flower stalks topped with dense clusters of tubular purple to blue flowers.
 
Light & Soil Requirements:
Full sun to partial shade; thrives in well-drained sandy or loamy soils. Tolerates dry, nutrient-poor conditions.
 
Willamette Valley Native Companion Plants:
Camassia quamash, Achillea millefolium, Eriophyllum lanatum, Sidalcea campestris, Festuca roemeri.
 
Urban Garden Function:
Provides early- to mid-summer color and vertical interest in urban meadows, pollinator gardens, and naturalized landscapes. Works well in mass plantings, along pathways, or interspersed with native grasses and wildflowers. Ideal for layered plantings that emphasize seasonal bloom succession and ecological function.
 
Wildlife Supported:
Flowers attract native bees, bumblebees (Bombus spp.), and small butterflies. Foliage provides cover for ground-dwelling insects and supports pollinator communities.
 
Historical Use:
Bulbs were traditionally harvested by Indigenous peoples for food; also valued ornamentally in naturalized and meadow-style gardens.