Native Habitat:
Moist forests, streambanks, and shaded slopes in western North America, including the Willamette Valley. Prefers rich, well-drained soils with high organic content.
 
Bloom Time:
April – June
 
Growth Habit & Mature Size:
Perennial herb, 1–2 feet tall, with lobed, soft green leaves. Produces clusters of small, bell-shaped lavender to pale blue flowers on erect stems.
 
Light & Soil Requirements:
Partial to full shade; thrives in moist, rich, well-drained soils. Prefers consistently damp conditions and humus-rich substrates.
 
Willamette Valley Native Companion Plants:
Polystichum munitum, Tolmiea menziesii, Athyrium filix-femina, Adiantum pedatum, Camassia leichtlinii.
 
Urban Garden Function:
Adds delicate texture, seasonal floral interest, and layered structure to shaded urban gardens, woodland-inspired landscapes, and rain gardens. Works well as an understory plant beneath trees and shrubs, providing seasonal blooms and habitat value.
 
Wildlife Supported:
Flowers attract native bees and small flies. Foliage and basal mats provide shelter for insects and small invertebrates.
 
Historical Use:
Used by Indigenous peoples for minor medicinal purposes and valued ornamentally in shaded and woodland-inspired garden plantings.