Native Habitat:
Open forests, grasslands, and rocky slopes in western North America, including the Willamette Valley. 
 
Bloom Time:
April – July
 
Growth Habit & Mature Size:
Perennial herb, 1–3 feet tall, with slender, mostly leafless flowering stems and basal, fern-like leaves. Produces clusters of small yellow to yellow-green flowers in umbels.
 
Light & Soil Requirements:
Full sun to partial shade; thrives in well-drained sandy, loamy, or rocky soils. Highly drought-tolerant once established.
 
Willamette Valley Native Companion Plants:
Camassia quamash, Achillea millefolium, Eriophyllum lanatum, Sidalcea campestris, Festuca roemeri.
 
Urban Garden Function:
Adds early-season color, delicate foliage, and vertical interest to urban meadows, pollinator gardens, and naturalized landscapes. Works well in layered native plantings, rock gardens, and low-maintenance borders.
 
Wildlife Supported:
Flowers attract native bees, butterflies, and other pollinators. Basal foliage and stem structures provide shelter for insects and ground-dwelling invertebrates.
 
Historical Use:
Roots were used by Indigenous peoples for food and medicinal purposes; valued ornamentally for naturalized and pollinator-friendly garden plantings.