Native Habitat:
Streambanks, moist meadows, and open forest edges in western North America, including the Willamette Valley. 
 
Bloom Time:
May – July
 
Growth Habit & Mature Size:
Short-lived perennial or biennial herb, 2–3 feet tall, with palmately divided leaves and upright flowering spikes. Produces dense racemes of blue to purple pea-like flowers, often with a white or yellow banner.
 
Light & Soil Requirements:
Full sun to partial shade; thrives in moist to moderately dry, well-drained soils. Adapts well to disturbed areas and sandy substrates.
 
Willamette Valley Native Companion Plants:
Camassia leichtlinii, Achillea millefolium, Sidalcea campestris, Festuca roemeri, Eriophyllum lanatum.
 
Urban Garden Function:
Adds striking color, vertical interest, and nitrogen-fixing benefits to urban meadows, rain gardens, and riparian plantings. Works well in low-maintenance, pollinator-friendly, and habitat-focused landscapes.
 
Wildlife Supported:
Flowers attract bumblebees (Bombus spp.), butterflies, and other native pollinators. Foliage supports caterpillars of native butterflies, and dense growth provides cover for beneficial insects and small invertebrates.
 
Historical Use:
Used by Indigenous peoples for minor medicinal and ornamental purposes; valued today for its role in soil stabilization and ecological restoration.