Native Habitat:
Moist, shaded forests, forest edges, and streambanks.
 
Bloom Time:
March – June
 
Growth Habit & Mature Size:
Low-growing perennial herb, 2–6 inches tall, forming dense mats with trifoliate, clover-like leaves that fold at night or in bright sun. Produces small, delicate pink to lavender flowers on slender stems.
 
Light & Soil Requirements:
Partial to full shade; thrives in moist, humus-rich, well-drained soils. Prefers consistently damp conditions in shaded environments.
 
Willamette Valley Native Companion Plants:
Polystichum munitum, Tolmiea menziesii, Camassia leichtlinii, Adiantum pedatum, Achlys triphylla.
 
Urban Garden Function:
Provides lush groundcover, seasonal floral interest, and layered texture in shaded urban gardens, woodland-inspired landscapes, and naturalized plantings. Works well as an understory plant beneath trees and shrubs, enhancing habitat and woodland aesthetics.
 
Wildlife Supported:
Flowers attract small native bees and pollinators. Dense mats offer shelter for insects, invertebrates, and ground-dwelling wildlife.
 
Historical Use:
Leaves and flowers were used by Indigenous peoples for minor culinary and medicinal purposes; valued ornamentally for shade gardens and naturalized woodland plantings.