Native Habitat:
Moist meadows, streambanks, wetlands, and open forests.
 
Bloom Time:
June – September
 
Growth Habit & Mature Size:
Perennial herb, 2–5 feet tall, with erect stems and opposite, lance-shaped leaves. Produces slender spikes of small, tubular violet-blue flowers along the upper stems.
 
Light & Soil Requirements:
Full sun to partial shade; thrives in moist, loamy, or silty soils. Prefers consistent moisture but tolerates occasional seasonal wetness.
 
Willamette Valley Native Companion Plants:
Camassia leichtlinii, Achillea millefolium, Eriophyllum lanatum, Sidalcea campestris, Festuca idahoensis.
 
Urban Garden Function:
Adds vertical structure, vibrant summer blooms, and pollinator support to urban gardens, naturalized landscapes, and meadow-style plantings. Works well in layered native plantings, habitat-focused borders, and pollinator-friendly gardens.
 
Wildlife Supported:
Flowers attract native bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds. Dense foliage provides shelter for insects and small invertebrates.
 
Historical Use:
Used ornamentally for its tall floral spikes and ecological role; valued in native meadows, pollinator-supportive gardens, and naturalized landscapes.